Understanding Rectoceles: Symptoms, Impact on Urinary Function, and Treatment Options

What Is a Rectocele?

A rectocele, also known as a posterior vaginal wall prolapse, happens when the supportive tissues between the rectum and vagina become weak or damaged. This weakness allows the rectum to push into the vaginal wall, creating a bulge or protrusion.

Symptoms and Sensations of Rectocele

– Pelvic Pressure: You may feel a sense of pressure or fullness in the pelvic region.

– Bulging: A noticeable bulge in the vaginal area, especially noticeable when bearing down or during bowel movements.

– Bowel Issues: Difficulty with bowel movements, including constipation or a feeling of incomplete evacuation.

– Urinary Symptoms: Although less common, a rectocele can occasionally impact urinary function, leading to issues such as frequent urination or urinary incontinence.

– Discomfort: Pain or discomfort during sexual intercourse or when performing certain physical activities.

Impact on Urinary Function

While a rectocele primarily affects bowel function, it can also indirectly impact urinary function. The pressure from the rectal bulge can sometimes push against the bladder, leading to urinary symptoms like increased frequency, urgency, or difficulty starting the urine stream. However, the primary issue with a rectocele is often related to bowel function.

Treatment Options

Pessary:

A pessary is a device inserted into the vagina to support the pelvic organs and help manage symptoms of a rectocele.

– Benefits: Provides non-surgical support, can alleviate symptoms by keeping the rectum in its proper position, and is adjustable to fit comfortably.

– Usage: Requires regular cleaning and periodic check-ups to ensure proper fit and function.

Surgery:

Surgical options are available if conservative treatments are insufficient. The goal of surgery is to repair the weakened vaginal wall and restore normal function.

– Types of Surgery: Procedures include posterior colporrhaphy, which repairs the weakened wall and repositions the rectum, and other techniques to reinforce the pelvic support tissues.

– Recovery: Recovery time varies but generally involves a period of rest and avoiding heavy lifting or strenuous activities.

Pelvic Floor Therapy (PFT):

Pelvic floor therapy involves exercises and techniques designed to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, which can support the vaginal and rectal walls and improve symptoms of a rectocele.

– Benefits: A non-invasive approach that can reduce symptoms, improve bowel function, and enhance overall pelvic health.

– Therapist: A physical therapist specializing in pelvic health can tailor exercises and treatments to your specific needs.

What You Might “Feel”

– Physical Sensations: A rectocele may cause a sensation of pressure or fullness in the vaginal area, with a noticeable bulge, particularly during bowel movements.

– Functional Changes: You might experience difficulties with bowel movements, such as constipation or a feeling of incomplete evacuation, along with potential urinary issues.

– Emotional Impact: The physical discomfort and functional changes can affect your quality of life and emotional well-being.

Understanding a rectocele and its effects on bowel and urinary function can help you seek appropriate treatment and improve your overall quality of life. Whether using a pessary, surgical intervention, or pelvic floor therapy, various options are available to manage and alleviate symptoms. If you have concerns about a rectocele or its impact on your health, consult with your healthcare provider to explore the best treatment plan for you.

For more information and personalized care, contact us at the Austin Urology Institute. We’re here to support your health and well-being.